General

Preconstruction

Also known as: Precon

The phase before construction starts where the contractor consults on design, estimating, scheduling, constructability, and procurement.

Preconstruction is the project phase between contract award and the start of physical construction. The contractor (typically under a CMAR or design-build delivery, or as paid pre-construction services in DBB) collaborates with the owner and design team on: estimating at multiple design milestones, constructability review, value engineering, schedule development, long-lead procurement strategy, subcontractor pre-qualification, permitting strategy, and budget control.

Well-executed preconstruction reduces total project risk far more than its cost. Constructability comments at 30% drawings cost 1/100th of the same change at 90%. Long-lead orders placed during preconstruction save weeks of total schedule. Pre-qualified sub list ensures bid coverage on every trade. Owner education through preconstruction also reduces change-order conflict during execution because the owner already understands what is in the budget and what is not. The contractors who deliver projects on time and on budget consistently invest heavily in preconstruction.

Frequently asked questions

How long does preconstruction take?+

Varies with project size. Small commercial: 4 to 8 weeks. Mid commercial: 2 to 4 months. Large commercial: 4 to 12 months. The phase runs from contract award through the start of construction, often paralleling the final stages of design and the permit cycle.

What deliverables come out of preconstruction?+

Multiple-milestone estimates (typically at 30%, 60%, 90% drawings), constructability comments, value engineering options, baseline schedule, long-lead procurement plan, pre-qualified subcontractor list, permitting strategy, and a Guaranteed Maximum Price (on CMAR) or final lump sum (on design-build).

Is preconstruction billable?+

On CMAR and design-build delivery, yes. The contractor charges a preconstruction fee (often a fixed lump sum or hourly billing rate) for the consulting work before construction starts. On DBB, preconstruction services are typically not billable; the GC arrives only after design is complete.

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